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Bands (neckwear)
Bands〔According to the Oxford English Dictionary, since the 18th century these have been called ''bands'' rather than by the singular ''band''.〕 are a form of formal neckwear, worn by some clergy and lawyers, and with some forms of academic dress. They take the form of two oblong pieces of cloth, usually though not invariably white, which are tied to the neck. Bands is usually plural because they require two similar parts and did not come as one piece of cloth.〔Similar to jeans, another form of clothing that goes by the plural.〕 Those worn by clergy are often called preaching bands, tabs or Geneva bands; those worn by lawyers are called barrister's bands or, more usually in Canada, tabs.
Ruffs were popular in the sixteenth century, and remained so till the late 1640s, alongside the more fashionable standing and falling bands. Ruffs, like bands, were sewn to a fairly deep neck-band. They could be either standing or falling ruffs.〔Cunnington, C Willett & Phillis, ''Handbook of English Costume in the 17th Century'' (3rd ed Faber & Faber, London, 1972, first published 1955).〕 Standing ruffs were common with legal, and official dress till comparatively late.〔 Falling ruffs were popular c.1615-40s.〔
==Origin==
In the early sixteenth century "bands" referred to the shirt neck-band under a ruff. For the rest of the century, when ruffs were still worn, and in the seventeenth century, bands referred to all the variations of these neckwear. All bands or collars arose from a standing neck-band of varying heights. They were tied at the throat with band-strings ending in tiny tassels or crochet-covered balls.
Bands were adopted in England for legal, official, ecclesiastical and academical use in the mid-seventeenth century. They varied from those worn by priests (very long, of cambric〔A fine light- or medium-weight plain batiste weave, usually of cotton, but also linen. Finished with a stiffer, brighter smoother finish. Finer cambrics are converted from heavier lawn-type cloths, cheaper cambrics from carded-yarn print cloths which are back-filled with china clay and starched for weight and appearance. Batiste is a highly mercerized, soft-finished, lightweight, combed-yarn, converted, lawn-type fabric, bleached, dyed, and printed. It is used for women's and children's lingerie, nightgowns, summer dresses, infants' wear, lining.〕 or linen, and reaching over the chest), to the much shorter ecclesiastical bands of black gauze with white hem showing on the outside. Both were developments of the seventeenth century lay collar.〔Hargreaves-Mawdsley, WN, ''A History of Legal Dress in Europe until the end of the Eighteenth century'' (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1963) 40.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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